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The subject of the present article is to study the mechanism of the structure of underdevelopment. Here, we have been trying to find a well-reasoned and convincing answer to the following major research question: What is the real cause of industrial growth in certain previously undeveloped countries, seeing that in a number of other countries in which the same factors are at work, the deepening of underdevlopment continues?
In this connection, we have dealt with two more supplementary questions: First, what are the main factors causing these differences in results produced by actions consciously undertaken to bring about development?
Secondly, from a theoretical view-point, which one of the two strategies of import substitution or export development ca.n best
be used to free the undeveloped countries from the yoke of backwardness and dependency. The results of previous research have strengthened our argument that in case of comparative advantage in the factors of production, the strategy of export development can contain and limit the internal vulnerability of the developing country, and also save it from the yoke one - sided of dependency and backwardness. Thus, it provides the background for active interdependency with other international units.